|
Artery
|
Normal RI range
|
Cause
|
| Hepatic |
0.55-0.8 |
Low RI: steno-occlusive disease of the transplant hepatic artery, celiac artery stenosis, median arcuate ligament syndrome, HHT and portal hypertension.
High RI: chronic hepatocellular disease, transplant rejection,
hepatic venous congestion(chronic congestive hepatopathy),
nonocclusive hepatic artery hypoperfusion syndrome, postprandial state, advanced patient age, may transiently elevate within 72 hours after transplant
|
| Renal |
About 0.6.
0.7 is the upper limit of normal
|
High RI: renal artery stenosis (if measured upstream from the stenosis) , ureteric obstruction, extreme hypotension, very young children, perinephric fluid collection, medical renal disease.
High RI in transplant: acute tubular necrosis (ATN), acute or chronic transplant rejection, renal vein thrombosis, drug toxicity, renal artery stenosis (if measured upstream from the stenosis), ureteric obstruction, perinephric fluid collection.
|
|
Umbilical
|
RI decrease from 0.76 to 0.6 during pregnancy. S/D ratio decrease from 3.5 to 2.5 during pregnancy
|
RI should not be over 0.76 after 30 weeks.
S/D ratio should not be over 3 after 30 weeks.
Abnormal umbilical artery Doppler is a marker of uteroplacental insufficiency and consequent intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) or suspected pre-eclampsia.
|
Umbilical arterial S/D ratio (SDR): systolic velocity / diastolic velocity.
Resistive index (RI): (PSV – EDV) / PSV